I found this
post on Lifehack and just had to share it. Although it has nothing to do with parenting, it could learn you a thing or two...so you could then teach your kids to talk good. Did that previous sentence make sense? If so, you need to read this NOW.
Everybody talks a lot.
It’s one of the most frequent things we as human beings do. We need it to
communicate. People do it for entertainment. Just because we all do it all the
time doesn’t mean we have perfected the craft. Here are a bunch of common words
everyone uses but most use incorrectly.
1. Irony
What you think it
means: Something that is funny.
What it really means: Contrary to what you are expecting.
This is a famous one
because so many people get this wrong so often. It’s also kind of hard to
explain, so we’ll use an example. The Titanic was boasted about as being 100%
unsinkable and then in 1912 it was sunk anyway. That is what is called cosmic
irony. When a starving vegetarian eats a pepperoni pizza, that is what is
called situational irony. There are other kinds too, such as dramatic irony and
Socratic irony. Believe it or not, sarcasm is actually irony. When you say
something sarcastically, your tone and your words mean two opposite things.
That is ironic. Irony can be funny but not everything funny is irony.
2. Travesty
What you think it
means: A tragedy or something unfortunate.
What it really means: A mockery or parody.
This is another one
that people have wrong fairly frequently. You’ve heard people call 9/11 a
travesty. Truth be told 9/11 was a tragedy. A travesty is actually a mockery or
a parody. One might say that a Weird Al Yankovic album is a travesty. With how
often this word is associated with tragedy, we wouldn’t be shocked if that
definition were eventually added as an acceptable meaning. Until then, it
doesn’t mean anything bad happened.
3. Ultimate
What you think it
means: The one, the only. The best.
What it really means: The last item of a list.
Some people do
actually use this one properly. You may see someone list off a bunch of things
and hear them say, “Okay, at the store we need eggs, milk, juice, and
ultimately, butter.” That is actually the proper use of ultimate. There is no other
context or added context. It simply means the last one.
4. Conversate
What you think it
means: To have a conversation.
What it really means: Nothing.
Conversate actually
doesn’t exist and I’ll prove it to you. Go into a program that underlines words
with red if they’re spelled wrong. Now type out conversate. Did you see the red
line? Conversate was meant to be a mixture of conversation and converse and be
used as a verb. However, converse is a verb and there really isn’t a need for a
second verb to describe the same action.
5. Peruse
What you think it
means: To skim or browse.
What it really means: To observe in depth.
When you peruse
something, you are actually taking a very close look at it. When you’re at a
record store (remember those?) and you’re just running through a stack of records, you are
just browsing. If you pick up a record and look at the artist, track list, and
additional information on the back, then your are perusing.
6. Bemused
What you think it
means: Amused.
What it really means: Confused.
This is one of the
many words on this list that will make you strongly dislike the English
language. Despite looking all but identical to the word amused, bemused doesn’t
even come close to meaning the same thing. If you are bemused then you are
actually confused.
7. Compelled
What you think it
means: To do something voluntarily by choice.
What it really means: To be forced or obligated to doing something.
This is one that
people get wrong and it’s rather understandable. The real definition is very
close to the definition people generally use. The difference is the motivation.
When people say compelled, they think the person wants to perform the action.
In fact, they are forced to do it regardless of their personal feelings. Here’s
an example. When you’re in court, you are compelled to give honest testimony.
You may not want to, but it doesn’t matter because you have to.
8. Nauseous
What you think it
means: To feel ill.
What it really means: To cause feelings of illness.
This is another
understandable mishap that a lot of people make. If you actually feel sick then
you are nauseated. The object that made you feel ill is nauseous. Here’s how
this works. If you’re at an amusement park and you’re sitting next to a full
trash can, the fumes from the trash may make you feel ill. That means the fumes
from the trash can are nauseous because they are making you feel nauseated.
9. Redundant
What you think it
means: Repetitive.
What it really means: Unnecessarily excessive.
This one is tough
because you can use it wrong but unintentionally use it right. When you repeat
something a bunch of times, it can become redundant, but redundant expands far
beyond just repeating things over and over. A popular thing companies are doing
now is firing people but instead of calling it “getting fired,” they call it
“eliminating redundancies.” The premise being that the employee they’re firing
is unnecessary and excessive and they are thus eliminating them. In pretty much
any scenario where there is simply too much of something, it is redundant.
10. Enormity
What you think it
means: Huge, enormous.
What it really means: Profoundly immoral or evil.
Don’t beat yourself up
over this one because no one knows this one off the top of their head. Enormity
sounds like enormous and as with many of our other examples, here we expect
words that sound alike to have similar meanings. Enormity simply means really
evil. An example of how to use it is the following: “The enormity of the crimes
committed by the Nazis in World War II.” It doesn’t mean the enormous crimes,
it means the heinous crimes.
11. Terrific
What you think it
means: Fantastic, good.
What it really means: Horrific, to inspire fear.
This is another one
that we expect will be changed in the dictionary eventually because barely
anyone uses the real meaning anymore. When people say they feel terrific, they
mean to say they feel fantastic. An example of something terrific is King Kong.
You see a giant monster and it inspires fear. We’re going to loop awesome in
with this one too. Awesome simply means to inspire awe and people often use it
to describe something really good.
12. Effect
What you may think it
means: To cause something to change.
What it really means: An event that causes a change.
A lot of people
staunchly defend the wrong definition of this and it’s understandable. When
action A causes a change in object B, action A affected object B and object B
has been affected. Effect is an event that causes a change. In our prior
example, action A is, in and of itself, an effect because it affects things.
It’s admittedly confusing to explain but easy to remember. If it’s a noun, it’s
an effect. If it’s a verb, it’s an affect.
13. Disinterested
What you think it
means: Bored.
What it really means: Neutral.
A good way to remember
this one is that there is a word that means bored and it’s uninterested. If
you’re uninterested, you’re bored. Being disinterested is the long-form
equivalent of stating that you don’t care about something.
14. Irregardless
What you think it
means: Without regard.
What it really means: Nothing.
Like conversate above,
irregardless isn’t actually a word. When people say irregardless, they actually
mean to say regardless. Regardless means without regard. Irregardless has been
used so often that it actually is in the dictionary now and that’s kind of sad.
Even though it is technically there, there are a large number of people who
don’t consider it a word. You can save yourself a couple of keystrokes and a
tongue lashing by just using regardless.
15. Chronic
What you think it
means: Severe.
What it really means: Over the course of a long time.
This is definitely one
that people ought to know better. When you have severe pain, it is just severe
pain. If you have chronic pain, you have been in pain for a long, long time.
Chronic conditions and diseases are called chronic because they won’t go away
and not because they’re overly severe.
16. i.e.
What you think it
means: For example.
What it really means: In other words.
This is one among a
number of shortened words that confuse people. Here’s a quick guide on how to
use them. Et cetera is etc., example is ex. or e.g., and in other words is i.e.
When you use i.e. you’re essentially putting it there to let people know that
you’re going to be stating the same information in different words. Here’s how
it really works. It’s June and I moved into my new apartment in April, i.e.,
two months ago.
17. Decimate
What you think it
means: To destroy or annihilate
What it really means: To destroy ten percent.
This one is really
goofy and one day this won’t be true. For the time being, decimate actually
means removing only ten percent of something. If you know a little bit about
words it’s not difficult to figure out. The prefix “dec” means ten. However,
the traditional definition of this word is antiquated and it’ll probably be
changed eventually. Until then, it’s technically correct to use a word like
exterminate or annihilate instead.
18. Panacea
What you think it
means: A cure.
What it really means: A cure for a lot of things.
This one is easy to
confuse because the explanation is virtually the same even if the definitions
are vastly different. A panacea is something that cures a lot of things all at
once. For instance, penicillin is a panacea. It cures a bunch of diseases. The
flu vaccine is not a panacea because it only protects against the flu.
19. Fortuitous
What you think it
means: Lucky.
What it really means: By chance.
There is a difference
between luck and chance. Unfortunately, people use the two interchangeably, so
much so that it’s difficult to explain the differences anymore. Lucky is an
event that happens by chance that can be described as fortunate. Winning the lottery
is lucky. Fortuitous means simply by chance. For instance if you drop your
basketball and it bounces into the road and gets hit by a car, that’s a
fortuitous instance. It’s neutral, so it can be good or bad things that happen
by chance.
20. Plethora
What you think it
means: A lot of something.
What it really means: More than is needed.
This is one I use
incorrectly all the time. In fact, I almost used it a couple of times in this
very article. Plethora simply means that there is more of something than is
needed. For instance, you may think that 5,000 people is a plethora of people.
However, when you put them into a hockey arena that seats 13,000 people, it’s
actually less than half capacity and therefore not a plethora. If you had
13,500 people in that same arena, that would be a plethora of people.
21. Total
Total means exactly
what you think it means but total is used unnecessarily on a frequent basis.
When there is a total of 50 people who do something, the total is 50 whether or
not you use the word “total.” Or you might hear someone say that they were
totally surprised. Surprise is not a conditional emotion. You were either
surprised or not. The use of total didn’t add anything of value to the
sentence. In most cases, the definition is correct but using the word is
repetitive when put in context with the rest of the sentence.
22. Literally
What you think it means: Figuratively.
What it really means: Actually.
This is something that
has come about relatively recently and my generation may have helped propagate
this one. Literally means actually. When something is literally true, it is
actually true. If I haven’t seen my friend in literally five years then I
actually haven’t seen them in five years. People use literally along with hyperbole
to show an emotion: “I haven’t had Chinese food in literally a million years.”
This is meant to denote that the person hasn’t had Chinese food in a while. The
word those people actually want is figuratively. They figuratively haven’t had
Chinese food in a million years. They probably literally hadn’t had it in a few
days or weeks.
23. Can
What you think it
means: What is permissible.
What it really means: What is possible.
This is one you have
to nip in the bud in childhood because it’s much harder to correct in
adulthood. When you can do something, you have capacity within you to perform
that action regardless of whether or not you actually do it. I can bang my head
into my desk but I absolutely will not do it. When people use can incorrectly
it is because they mean to use the word “may.” When you ask someone if they can
open the door, you did not ask them to open the door. You asked them if they
were capable of opening the door. If you wish for them to perform the task, you
should ask if they will open the door. When you ask if you can have something,
you’re not asking someone to give it to you. You’re asking if you have the
capacity to own it. If you need something, ask if you may have it.
24. Defective
What you think it
means: That something is broken or missing pieces.
What it really means: Simply that it’s broken.
You’ll see this one a
lot in Amazon reviews. People will say that their unit came defective because
it was missing a screw or pieces in the box. That’s actually incorrect. What
they mean to say is that their product is deficient. It’s missing pieces, it is
not actually broken. The machine may work perfectly fine once the missing
pieces have been re-added, which means that it actually isn’t defective at all.
25. Obsolete
What you think it
means: Old, out of date.
What it really means: Not produced, used, or needed.
You’ll see this one in
the tech industry a lot. People in tech article comments will comment that a phone
is obsolete when they really mean that it’s out of date. The literal definition
of obsolete is an item that it isn’t produced, needed, or used anymore. An
example of this is is the steam engine. It’s largely inefficient compared to
today’s combustion engine and even more inefficient than the emerging electric
engines. Thus, steam engines are not used, produced, or needed anymore. Yes,
they are also old and out of date, but obsolete is kind of the next step after
old and out of date.
Wrap up
The English language
is a finicky one but it’s also ever changing. Words are updated and definitions
change. New words are added every year and some are retired. Very few people
will ever master the entire language and the rest of us will just have to do
the best we can!